medium effect on performance
Visualization rewires the moment
Mentally rehearsing a skill activates many of the same neural pathways as physically performing it. Across a 2025 multilevel meta-analysis of 86 studies and 3,593 athletes, imagery training produced a reliable, medium-sized boost — strongest when paired with real practice (g = 0.58).
Multilevel meta-analysis of imagery practice, Behavioral Sciences (2025)